Table 1 Sociodemographic data, clinical history, and findings of two studied groups

Neonatal gender

Male

19 (31.67%)

33 (33%)

0.862

Female

41 (68.33%)

67 (67%)

Birth weight (kg)

2.6 ± 0.7

1.7 ± 0.8

 < 0.001

Gestational age (GA)

Pre-term

12 (20%)

70 (70%)

 < 0.001

Full-term

48 (80%)

30 (30%)

Consanguinity

 + Ve

23 (38.33%)

45 (45%)

0.409

 − Ve

37 (61.67%)

55 (55%)

Mode of delivery

Emergency CS

32 (53.33%)

55 (55%)

0.973

Elective CS

24 (40%)

39 (39%)

Normal delivery

4 (6.67%)

6 (6%)

APGAR

Scores

At 1 min

6.42 ± 1.19

4.44 ± 1.39

 < 0.001

At 5 min

8.35 ± 0.92

6.99 ± 1.14

At 10 min

9.28 ± 0.59

8.78 ± 0.85

Antenatal care

Yes

37 (61.67%)

44 (44%)

0.030

No

23 (38.33%)

56 (56%)

Previous fetus with NRDS

Yes

12 (20%)

32 (32%)

0.100

No

48 (80%)

68 (68%)

Use of antenatal steroids

Yes

42 (70%)

17 (17%)

 < 0.001

No

18 (30%)

83 (83%)

Maternal risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, anemia, eclampsia, etc.)

Yes

22 (36.66%)

68 (68%)

 < 0.001

No

38 (63.33%)

32 (32%)

Residence area

Urban

19 (31.67%)

44 (44%)

0.262

Residence

Semi-urban

19 (31.67%)

29 (29%)

Rural

22 (36.67%)

27 (27%)

Education level of the mother

Ignorant

8 (13.33%)

13 (13%)

0.720

Primary

10 (16.67%)

12 (12%)

Secondary

32 (53.33%)

52 (52%)

High education

10 (16.67%)

23 (23%)

Working of mother

Employee

27 (45%)

54 (54%)

0.270

Nonemployees

33 (55%)

46 (46%)