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Table 2 Laboratory data of COVID-19 patients included in the study (n = 351)

From: Prognostic biomarkers in COVID-19 infection: value of anemia, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and D-dimer

 

Non-ICU patients

(n = 206)

Admitted to ICU

(n = 145)

p value*

CBC

Hemoglobin (g/dl)

12.7 ± 1.7

11.8 ± 2.0

< 0.001 ^

  Anemic (HB < 12)

59 (28.6%)

82 (56.6%)

< 0.001 ^

WBCs (103/ul)

7.9 ± 4.5

10.6 ± 6.1

< 0.001 ^

  Low (< 4)

31 (15.1%)

11 (7.6%)

< 0.001 ^

  High (> 10)

49 (23.8%)

72 (49.7%)

Neutrophil (103/ul)

5.7 ± 4.5

8.7 ± 5.5

< 0.001 ^

  High (> 7)

67 (32.5%)

92 (63.4%)

< 0.001 ^

Lymphocytes (%)

24.7 ± 14.3

13.0 ± 12.7

< 0.001 ^

  Low (< 20)

99 (48.1%)

115 (79.3%)

< 0.001 ^

Lymphocytes (103/ul)

1.6 ± 0.9

1.0 ± 0.8

< 0.001 ^

  Low (< 1.5)

119 (57.8%)

116 (80%)

< 0.001 ^

Platelets (103/ul)

273.3 ± 131.5

279.5 ± 137.4

0.672

  High (> 450)

20 (9.7%)

14 (9.7%)

0.987

NLR

4.7 ± 5.0

15.5 ± 23.2

< 0.001 ^

  High (> 8)

29 (14.1%)

89 (61.4%)

< 0.001 ^

PLR

231.8 ± 207.4

417.2 ± 342.7

< 0.001 ^

  High (> 192)

83 (40.3%)

108 (74.5%)

< 0.001 ^

INR

1.04 ± 0.12

1.13 ± 0.24

< 0.001 ^

  High (≥ 1.1)

31 (15%)

51 (35.2%)

< 0.001 ^

Liver function tests

Albumin (g/L)

33.6 ± 6.2

30.6 ± 6.9

< 0.001 ^

  Low (< 34)

118 (57.3%)

99 (68.3%)

0.037

Total bilirubin (umol/L)

7.6 ± 6.5

11.7 ± 11.5

< 0.001 ^

  High (> 21)

7 (3.4%)

10 (6.9%)

0.133

AST (U/L)

42.8 ± 69.5

67.1 ± 101.9

< 0.001 ^

  High (> 34)

90 (43.7%)

85 (58.6%)

0.006

ALT (U/L)

43.8 ± 65.3

73.7 ± 149.7

0.001 ^

  High (> 45)

58 (28.2%)

67 (46.2%)

0.001 ^

Kidney function tests

Serum creatinine (umol/L)

100.0 ± 70.8

141.3 ± 142.9

0.022 ^

  High (> 97)

82 (39.8%)

68 (46.9%)

0.186

BUN (mmol/L)

13.8 ± 15.8

18.7 ± 19.2

< 0.001 ^

  High (> 8.2)

90 (43.7%)

105 (72.4%)

< 0.001 ^

Ferritin (ng/ml)

491.4 ± 608.9

1161.5 ± 1321.1

< 0.001 ^

  High (> 440)

69 (33.5%)

103 (71%)

< 0.001 ^

D-dimer (mg/L)

1.3 ± 2.3

4.0 ± 6.8

< 0.001 ^

  High (> 0.9)

66 (32%)

106 (73.1%)

< 0.001 ^

CRP (mg/dl)

37.9 ± 49.5

80.7 ± 76.1

< 0.001 ^

  High (> 23)

97 (47.1%)

111 (76.6%)

< 0.001 ^

  1. CBC complete blood picture, WBCs white blood cells, NLR neutrophil lymphocytic ratio, PLR platelets lymphocytic ratio, INR international normalization ratio, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, BUN blood urea nitrogen, CRP C-reactive protein
  2. *Mann-Whitney and chi-square test were used.
  3. ^Significant p value