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  1. Endotracheal tube stylets are still being used in many medical centres for difficult intubations. In rare cases, it may break inside the trachea during endotracheal intubation and may sometimes move unnoticed ...

    Authors: Tajik Mohammed Shafi, Nithya Haridas, Preeti Belagundi and Asmita A. Mehta
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305774
  2. The era of diagnosing pulmonary arterial hypertension is rapidly evolving. There are changes in the definition, screening, diagnostic modalities, and disease staging.

    Authors: Ahmed Z. E. Abdelhafiz, Khaled A. Al Khashab, Assem F. Elessawy, Radwa A. Elhefny and Fatmaalzahraa S. Abdalrazik
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305743
  3. Inflammatory and oxidative stress caused by infection has recently been proposed as a mechanism of association between the red cell distribution width (RDW) and infectious diseases, such as community-acquired ...

    Authors: Yousef A. Yousef and Mahmoud A. Manal
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305738

    The Correction to this article has been published in The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 14:36

  4. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major problem in developing countries. TB in Egypt is considered an important public health problem. Egypt is ranked among the mid-level incidence countries.

    Authors: Medhat F. Negm, Amira H. Allam, Tbahany M. Goda and Mona Elawady
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305722
  5. Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a lethal sequela of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Surgical trauma injures the tissue directly, releasing a large number of tissue agent. The frequency of re-exploration owing t...

    Authors: Ayman A. Sallam, Mohamed M. Abo El Nasr, Ahmed S. Elgebaly and Wael M. El Feky
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305699
  6. Airway evaluation and its management remain an emerging clinical science. Ultrasound (US) provides point-of-care dynamic views of the airway in perioperative, emergency, and critical care settings. Identificat...

    Authors: Mona M. Ahmed, Iman H. E. Galal, Hossam M. Sakr, Ashraf A. Gomaa, Ahmed M. Osman and Marwa H. El-Assal
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305672
  7. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) scoring systems are the two models that are greatly used by the majority of ICUs to predict clin...

    Authors: Yousef Ahmed, Mohamed Adam and Lamees M. Bakkar
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305654
  8. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has been recently introduced as a new technique for sampling the hilar/ mediastinal lesions [lymph node (LN) enlargement or masses] ...

    Authors: Laila A. Helalah, Ashraf M. Madkour, Nevine M. A. Elfattah, Rehab M. Mohammed, Ayman A. H. Farghaly, Ragaa A. Fawzy and Asmaa M. A. Elasser
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305644
  9. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents 85% of lung cancer cases. Genotyping is now considered as a cornerstone in proper management and better results of such cancers, especially with targeted therapy. ...

    Authors: Ahmed S. H. Mohamed, Mohamed Hantera, Ragia S. Sharshar, Amira Y. Abdelnaby and Ayman El Saka
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305636
  10. Activated platelets and platelet indices have a vital role in bronchial hyper-responsiveness, bronchoconstriction, bronchial inflammation, airway remodeling, angiogenesis, allergic reactions, and repair and re...

    Authors: Manal R. Hafez, Hoda A. Eid, Sawsan B. Elsawy, Nehad Emad Eldin and Asmaa A. El Madbouly
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305623
  11. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Exacerbations of COPD are heterogeneous and have significant effect on the socioeconomic burden. The value ...

    Authors: Hamed A. Hafiz and Heba Moussa
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305605
  12. Persons with asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) are a crucial but poorly characterized group. In spite of the numbers of patients with ACO have increased, there is minimal confir...

    Authors: Hamada K. Fayed, Yasen G. Abd-Elkareem, Wassem A. Samaha and Maher S. Abdalshakour
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2020 13:1305596
  13. Serum cystatin C is a sensitive indicator for early renal impairment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In patients with OSA without known chronic kidney disease (CKD), serum cystatin C was found ...

    Authors: Eman Elfeky, Ayman Abd El-Zaher, Amal Elbendary and Salwa Ganna
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1304563
  14. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly identified as a disease with major health consequences. The limited availability of the gold standard diagnostic test, polysomnography (PSG), mandates careful clin...

    Authors: Hend M. Esmaeel, Hamdy A. Mohammadien, Abd-Elbaset M. Saleh and Fatma H. Mohamed
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1304556
  15. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) lesion is acidic, and changing this acidic pH may affect growth of TB bacilli and response to therapy. We aimed to assess the effect of adjuvant inhalation of sodium bicarbonate (SB...

    Authors: Mohammad K. El-Badrawy, Eman O. Arram, Dina A. Abdalla, Dina Al-Sagheer, Alaa Zahran, Mohammad A. AboElEla, Adel El-Badrawy and Wagdy Amin
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1304531
  16. Tobacco smoke has been recognized as an independent risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes mellitus type 2.

    Authors: Magdy M. Khalil, Rehab M. Mohammed and Omnia H. S. Hassan
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1304516
  17. The purpose of this study was to compare four different scores [Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II); elevated blood urea nitrogen, altered mental status, pulse >109/min, age >65 years (B...

    Authors: Rania A. Sweed, Mostafa Abd El Mageed Shaheen and Esraa A. El Gendy
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1304498
  18. Determining the optimal moment to extubate a critically ill patient remains a challenge. The parameters of diaphragm sonography offer precious data in the evaluation and follow-up of critically ill patients on...

    Authors: Rasha M. Abdelhafeez, Ahmed M. Abumossalam, Eman O. Arram, Mohsen M. Elshafey and Mohammed E. Abushehata
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1304489
  19. Lung ultrasonography is a beneficial tool for evaluation of the extent of lung aeration through measurement of the amount of extravascular lung water. Lung ultrasonography offers some advantages over other met...

    Authors: Nabila I. Laz, Mohammad F. Mohammad, Sahar M. Abdelsalam and Radwa M. Abdelwahab
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1304477
  20. Ultrasonography (US) guidance of transthoracic needle biopsy of peripheral lung lesions is a useful diagnostic technique. It is a relatively easy and safe procedure under real-time US guidance and may give eno...

    Authors: Fayed H. Kawshty, Ahmed A. Abd Elradi and Ahmed M. Ahmed
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1304469
  21. Exercise intolerance is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which has multiple mechanisms underlying its progression. Ventricular dysfunction may play a role in the developmen...

    Authors: Magdy M. Khalil, Hala M. Salem, Hossam-Eldin M. Abdil-Hamid and Muhammad Y. Zakaria
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1304459
  22. Scabbard trachea is a rare clinical observation, though commonly present in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. There is coronal narrowing of the intrathoracic part of the trachea resembling a...

    Authors: Animesh Ray and Devada Sindhu
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303441
  23. Dyspnea is a subjective sensation of difficult or uncomfortable breathing experienced by the patient. The etiology includes myriad causes starting from cardiopulmonary to psychogenic. The evaluation of dyspnea...

    Authors: Animesh Ray and Sagnik Biswas
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303435
  24. The ultrasound (US) of the chest is useful in the diagnosis of different parenchymal, pleural, and chest wall diseases. The US is preferred because no radiation is used (safe during pregnancy), is not expensiv...

    Authors: Sherif R. A. El-Fatah, Radwa A. El-Hefny, Randa I. Ahmed and Doaa M. A. El-Tawab
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303424
  25. In the field of pulmonary medicine, respiratory mechanics and physiology are obviously affected by most pathological lesions and diseases, either primary disease or part of systemic ones. In the era of rheumat...

    Authors: Reham M. Elkolaly, Salwa A. Ganna, Doaa W. Nada and Mohammed H. Elnaggar
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303416
  26. There is growing evidence that tuberculosis (TB) case notifications in men have in many circumstances surpassed those in women. The increase in reported cases among men was often interpreted as the result of b...

    Authors: Tarek M. Safwat, Eman B. Abdel Fattah and Ahmed G. Soliman
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303408
  27. A rapid, highly sensitive, and qualitative diagnostic test will significantly reduce the incidence of tuberculosis (TB). GeneXpert test is the test that is supposed to play this role with those specifications.

    Authors: Amany Omar, Abd-Elazim Abo Elfadl, Yousef Ahmed and Moustafa Hosny
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303403
  28. Atypical pneumonia (AP) with its different pathogens comprises a reasonable ratio of community-acquired pneumonia. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) constitutes a known pathogen causing AP with pulmonary and ...

    Authors: Reham M. Elkolaly and Maii A. Shams Eldeen
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303394
  29. Pneumothorax can present as a respiratory emergency and has varied etiology. However, literature available on assessment and management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) based on radiological quantitat...

    Authors: Uma Devaraj, Priya Ramachandran, UmaMaheswari Krishnaswamy, Namita Sinha and George D’Souza
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303388
  30. Pleural effusion can arise as a result of more than 50 recognized causes and the differentiation between benign and malignant origin of the fluid is still a diagnostic challenge. The ability of tumor markers a...

    Authors: Omar M. Mohammed, Kamel M. Hussein, Abdelgawad E. Ramadan, Gouda T. Mahmoud, Marwa El-Sayed El-Naggar and Nor Eldein Z. Gaber
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303382
  31. Diagnosis of mediastinal lesions start with clinical evaluation combined with specific /boratory investigation and different imaging modalities till biopsy that can obtained by percutaneous approach, endoscopi...

    Authors: Mohamed S.Abdelrahman Hantera, Hamed A. H. Abdalla and Mohammed A. Ibrahim
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303370
  32. Pleuropulmonary fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a rare type of interstitial lung disease (ILD); however, it may not be as rare as it was described. PPFE has been recognized increasingly worldwide during the past years.

    Authors: Yosri M. K. Akl, Mohamed S. Ismail, Yasmine H. El-Hinnawy and Shady N. Mashhour
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303363
  33. Telomeres are hexameric nucleotide sequences. The biological role of telomeres is to prevent shortening of DNA to preserve integrity of the genome. Length of telomeres is determined by age, sex, and environmen...

    Authors: Marwa M. Shaban, Radwa A. Elhefny, Sabah H. Hussein, Amul A. Badr and Zeinab A. Nour
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303349
  34. Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is responsible for a high proportion of morbidity and antibiotic use. This study aimed to identify the causative bacteria, antimicrobial sen...

    Authors: Maha K. Ghanem, Hoda A. Makhlouf, Ali A. Hasan, Heba G. Rashed and Hadeer S. Khalifa
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303343
  35. Morbidity and mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a worldwide pandemic, with exacerbations necessitating mechanical ventilation representing important aspects of disease ma...

    Authors: Suzan S. Sayed, Aliaë A. Mohammed Hussein and Waleed G. Elddin Khaleel
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303335
  36. Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation requiring mechanical ventilation is commonly encountered in the ICU. Sedation is necessary to facilitate mechanical ventilation. The effect of n...

    Authors: Atef F. Alkarn, Mohamed F. Abdelghany, Mohammad G. A. Khalaf, Emad Z. Kamel and Wafaa A. H. Gadalla
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303328
  37. Diverse imaging systems can be utilized for the evaluation of chest issues in ICU patients; ultrasound (US) is a decent analytic instrument without exposing the patients to radiation and risk of transfer.

    Authors: Medhat F. Negm, Mohammad H. Kamel, Osama I. Mohammad, Rehab E. Elsawy and Hamada M. Khater
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303323
  38. Endoscopy plays an integral part in the evaluation of mediastinum. Transbronchial sampling can be done conventionally or guided with endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS), which is a new tool that allows seeing...

    Authors: Mohammed A. Ibrahim, Aida M. Yousef, Mohamed S. Abdelrahman Hantera, Magda Abdelsalam Ahmed and Sayed A. M. Abdelhafez
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303314
  39. Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration (C-TBNA) is a unique technique that allows the sampling tissue from beyond the endobronchial tree, such as enlarged lymph nodes, peribronchial, or submucosal lesio...

    Authors: Mohammed A. Farrag, Gehan M. El Assal, Ashraf M. Madkour, Nehad M. Osman and Manar H. Taha
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303309
  40. Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may share some physiological features and coexist as asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap (ACO).

    Authors: Nezar R. Mohamed, Mohamed A. E. Abd El Hakim, Zainab H. Saeed and Rofaida N. E. Helmy
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303298
  41. patients with acute AECOPD show an abrupt worsening of baseline ventricular function and pulmonary hypertension, using clear predictors or markers for severity in such patients is critical to be early stratifi...

    Authors: Nasser K. Abdelnaby, Hassan A. Shabana and Waleed R. Arafat
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1303289
  42. End-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) is used as a noninvasive bedside test to assess the adequacy of ventilation and physiologic dead space in mechanically ventilated patients. The gradient difference between EtCO2 a...

    Authors: Fatmaalzahraa S. Abdalrazik and Mohamed O. Elghonemi
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1302170
  43. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has many extrapulmonary comorbidities, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of them. Scant data are available on MetS in Egyptian patients with COPD.

    Authors: Azza Farag Said El-toney, Bahaa Ibrahim Mohamed, Emad Allam Abd-Elnaeem and Alaa Shaban Ismail
    Citation: Egyptian Journal of Bronchology 2019 13:1302148

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