Table 3 Overview of immune evasion capacities for current VOCs against BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, Chadox1nCov, and Covaxin immune sera

B.1.1.7

BNT162b2

Single mutation- (=)

Full spike mutation- (↓) to (↓↓)

CE: Against infection: 87.0% to 95.3%; Against symptomatic infection: 97%; Against hospitalization: 97.5%

VSV based pseudovirus assay

[52, 54, 55]

Pfizer

1. Multinational, placebo-controlled, observer-blinded, efficacy trial

2. 43, 548 participants with 21, 720 vaccine recipients

3. Only 8 cases of COVID-19 among vaccine recipients after 7 days of 2^nd dose

4. Vaccine efficacy 95%

[77]

mRNA-1273

Full spike mutation: (↓)

VSV-based pseudovirus assay

[55]

Chadox1nCov

B.1.1.7: (↓↓↓)

CE: Against symptomatic infection: 70.4%

Live virus microneutralization assay

[56]

B.1.351

BNT162b2

Triple mutation: (↓↓↓)

Full spike variant: (↓↓)

E484K mutation: (↓↓)

B.1.351 lineage: v1: (↓↓↓); v2: (↓↓↓); v3: (↓↓↓)

B.1.351: (↓↓)

CE: Against infection: 72.1% to 75.0%; Against severe disease: 86%

In vitro FRENT assay

[55, 61, 63, 64, 66]

Moderna

1. Randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled

2. Study site: USA

3. 30, 420 volunteers with 15,210 in vaccine recipient group

4. Only 11 cases of COVID 19 in vaccine recipient group

5. Vaccine efficacy: 94.1%

[78]

mRNA-1273

For B.1.351 lineage: v1: (↓↓↓); v2: (↓↓↓); v3: (↓↓↓)

For B.1.351: (↓↓↓)

In vitro FRENT assay

[55, 63]

Chadox1nCov

Triple mutation: (↓↓↓)

B.1.351: (↓↓↓)

Triple mutants: drop-in neutralization titer to 85

B.1.351: drop in neutralization titer to 74

In live virus, assay titer ranged from (= to ↓↓↓)

CE: Against infection: 10.4%, with no severe cases

In vitro FRENT assay; Pseudovirus assay; Live virus neutralization assay; clinical trial

[79]

Oxford-Astrazeneca

1. Blinded, randomized, controlled trial across the UK, Brazil, South Africa

2. Two standard-dose vaccine efficacy 62.1%

3. low dose/ standard-dose vaccine efficacy 90.4%

4. Overall vaccine efficacy 70.4%

5. Dosing interval 21 days

[80]

P.1

BNT162b2

Triple mutation: (↓)

P.2 with E484K: (↓↓)

P.1 with triple mutants: (↓↓)

In vitro FRENT assay

[63]

mRNA-1273

P.2 with E484K: (↓)

P.1 with triple mutants: (↓↓)

In vitro FRENT assay

[63]

Chadox1nCov

Triple mutation: (↓)

CE: Against infection: 77.9%; against hospitalization: 87.6%; against death: 93.6%

In vitro FRENT assay

[63, 67]

B.1.671

BNT162b2

GMT 164 (↓↓)

E484K: (↓↓↓)

CE: Against symptomatic infection: 88%

FRNT₅₀ assay

[68, 70, 71]

mRNA-1273

GMT 190 (↓↓)

FRNT₅₀ assay

[68]

Chadox1nCov

CE: Against symptomatic infection: 60%; Against moderate to severe disease: 79.2%

[71, 73]

Covaxin

GMT ratio for B.1.617: 1.84, while for B.1.1.7 and D614G: 1.06

Pseudovirus assay

[69]