Impacts of vitamin C and D supplement on COVID-19 treatment: possible patho-mechanisms and evidence from different countries

The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology

Table 1 Effectiveness of vitamin C supplement in COVID-19 treatment in different populations

Treatment	Key findings	References
High dose of vitamin C	Reduced inflammation and severity of the disease and improved oxygen saturation	[18, 19]
	No effect on the number of needed ventilation days	[20]
	Increase in oxygenation and reduction in the amount of inflammatory markers were observed	[21,22,23]
	Reduced overall mortality	[24]
	Lower rates of mechanical ventilation and cardiac arrest	[25]
	Lower rate of hospitalization	[26]
	No significant outcomes	[27,28,29]
Low dose of vitamin C	No difference was found in the case of mortality rate and the need for mechanical ventilation	[30], [5, 31,32,33]
	Lower level of anti-inflammatory response observed	[34, 35]
	Lower rate of thrombosis	[30]