Table 1 Patient’s demographic data, O₂ saturation, symptoms, and CXR among the three groups

Age (years)

49.89 ± 10.7

49.42 ± 12.63

44.27 ± 9.22

0.237

Sex

Male

36 (100%)

19 (100%)

15 (100%)

---

Smoking index severity

 Nonsmoker

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

15 (100%)

< 0.001*

P1= 0.029*

P2< 0.001*

P3< 0.001*

 Smoker

Mild

3 (8.33%)

4 (21.05%)

0 (0%)

Moderate

10 (27.78%)

9 (47.37%)

0 (0%)

Severe

23 (63.89%)

6 (31.58%)

0 (0%)

BMI (kg/m²)

24.68± 4.92

26.38± 7.79

27.81± 2.89

0.169

History of previous hospital admission

9 (25%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0.007*

P1= 0.019*

P2= 0.033*

P3= 1

History of ICU admission

5 (13.89%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0.080

O₂ saturation (%)

96.75± 1.66

97.47± 1.07

98.53± 0.64

0.001*

P1= 0.152

P2< 0.001*

P3= 0.068

Symptoms

 Cough

31 (86.11%)

13 (68.42%)

0 (0%)

< 0.001

P1= 0.191

P2< 0.001*

P3< 0.001*

 Sputum

31 (86.11%)

10 (52.63%)

0 (0%)

< 0.001

P1= 0.006*

P2< 0.001*

P3< 0.001*

 Wheezes

29 (80.56%)

5 (26.32%)

0 (0%)

< 0.001

P1< 0.001*

P2< 0.001*

P3= 0.11

CXR

 Presence of COPD abnormalities

36 (100%)

2 (10.53%)

0 (0%)

< 0.001*

P1< 0.001*

P2< 0.001*

P3= 0.157

 Normal

0 (0%)

17 (89.47%)

15 (100%)